Nail-making machine



(No Model.) 11 Sheets- Sheet 1 F. F. RAYMOND, 2d. 7 NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

N0.v 344,985. Patented July'6, 1886.

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(No Model.)

R F. RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

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(No Model.) 11Sheets-Sheet 3. P. F. RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKINGMAGHINE.

Patented July 6, 1886.

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NAIL MAKING MACHINE. No. 344,985. Patented July 6, 1886.

N. PETERS. PhnbLilhognpher. Walhingtcn. u. c.

(No Model.) 7 II Sh eetEh-Sheet 6.. F. F. RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

Patentedfluly 6, 1886. S

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WITNESSES 11 Sheets Sheet 7..

CHINE. Patented July 6,- 1886,

No Model) NTDR m-lvq RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKING MA (No Model.) 1 Shejas-Shet s F. F. RAYMOND, Zd.

NAIL MAKING MAGHINB.

No. 344,985. Patented July 6, 1886.

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11 Sheets-Sheet 10.

(No Model.) I v P. P. RAYMOND, 2d.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE. No. 344,985. Patented July 6, 1886.

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FREEBORN F. RAYMONRQD, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

NAIL-MAKING MACHINE.

Application filed lfl-hrnary 6. 1856.

G'IEICATIQN \1371'1' 1123 part of Letters Patent No. 344,985, dated July6, 1886.

Serial No. 190,968. (No model.)

To (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREEBORN F. RAYMOND, 2d, of Newton, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Nail Making, Distributing,and Driving Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification in explaining its nature.

The invention is an improvementupon that described in my Patent No.317,199, dated May 5, 1885, and'in the application of Towns and Raymond,filed November 27, 1885, Serial No. 184,0t8, and comprises devices forfeeding and pointing wire,and for delivering the pointed blank to ablank or nail carrier, and for receiving the nail-blank from the wirefeeding and pointing mechanism and conducting it to the heading devices,jaws, or clamps for holdingthe wire blank whileitisbeingheaded, and areciprocating or movable bunteror plunger for heading the wire blankwhile itis held stationary in the jaws or clamping devices; a carrierfor transferring headed nails from the heading devices to a positionover a nail receiving and delivery block; a nail receiving and deliveryblock adapted or arranged to re ceive nails from the carrier and deliverthem to a nail-distributor; a nail-d istributer adapted to receive nailsfrom the nail receiving and delivery block and transfer them to anail-earrier, which transfers or carries the nails to the nail-drivingdevices, and nail-drivingdevices.

It further relates to means for automatically locating or bringing intoproper position the nail in the jaws or clamps regardless of its length.

It further relates to the arrangement, in an organized machine,ofdevices for makingheaded nails and for driving them, adapted to actconjointly and automatically; also, to devices for making headed nails,distributing, and driving them, adapted to act conjointly andautomatically.

'It further relates to various details of construction, all of whichwill be hereinafter described.

The nail-feeding and nail-1;)ointing devices are similar to thosedescribed in the said applieation of Towns and Raymond.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in rear elevation of aportion of the ma chine described in the said Towns and Raymondapplication containing my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical section uponthe line 00 x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section upon the line 1; oof Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section upon the line 3 y of Fig. 1and a plan of the machine below said line. Fig. 5 is a. horizontalsection upon the line 2 z of Fig. l and a plan view of the mechanismbelow said line. Fig. 6 is a viewin vertical sec tion showing therelation of the nail-heading devices to the nail distributing anddriving devices. Fig. 7 is a vertical section upon the line 10 w ofFigs. 2 and 3. Fig. 8 is a section of the central and lower part of themachine, enlarged, to represent the operations of the heading mechanism,the parts having the position which they occupy immediately upon thefeeding of the nail-blank by the carrier to the position under theheader and before the nail-blank has been moved to bring its headformingsection in proper relation to theheadforming recesses of the die orjaws. represents the same parts as shown in Fig. 8 at the conclusion ofthe movement of the nail-lifting device to bring its head-forming end inproper relation to the head-forming dies. Fig. 10 represents the sameparts, the jaws or clamps being closed to hold the nail-blank during theoperation of headin Fig. 11 represents the same parts as in Fig. 8 atthe conclusion of the heading operation and before the j aws or clampshave been moved to release the headed nail. Fig. 12 represents the partsshown in Fig. 8 after the completion of the operation of the headingdevices and upon the opening of the clamp or die. Figs. 13 and 14 arevertical sections on the line T T of Fig. 1, to illustrate the operationof the devices for stripping or moving the headed nail from the jaws orclamp. Figs. 15, 1.6, and 17 are views in section upon the line 8 s ofFi 1, to illustrate the operation of the automatic stop for stopping orlimiting the movement of the nail-blank carrying or transferring diskafter it has been moved by its feeding devices, and for holding itlocked in such position.

Fig. 9

Fig. 18 is a vertical section of the transferringdisk, showing the useof swaging-dies for forming the points of the nails. Fig. 19 is a viewof the nail-blank before heading, and Fig. 20 is a view in elevation ofthe complete headed nail.

A isthe nozzle of the Towns and Raymond nail making and distributingmachine. It has a throat or passage, a, through which nails ornail-blanks are delivered one by one. Instead, however, of deliveringthem directly to the nail receiving and delivery block, as described insaid Towns and Raymond applica tion, the nails or nail-blanks aredelivered one by one toa carrier block or disk, B, which has a number ofnail or nail-blank receiving and clamping devices adapted to be broughtsuccessively beneath the nozzle A, to receive nails or nailblankstherefrom, and to carry them in snccessionto the heading mechanism, andfrom there to a position from which they are discharged. The disk B isrepresented as provided with four nail receiving and holding devices.Each device comprises the die-block b, fitted to a vertical recess inthe disk B, and having the shoulders I) for locking the same in place,the movable die block D which also fits a recess in the carrier-disk,and has the screw-rods If, which extend through holes formed in thedie-block 7) into holes in the disk B, and serve to fasten it thereto ina manner to permit the horizontal movement of the block b toward theblock I) and in opposition to the springs b, which act to move thediebloek b from the die-block b,-as hereinafter indicated. Zach of thedieblocks I) b has a cavity, b enlarged or extended outwardly at b asrepresented in Fig. 3, which forms the nail-holding recess I), and therecess or enlargement in which the head of the nail-blank is upset.Beneath the disk B is an imperferate block or table, I)", which preventsthe nail from leaving the dies while the disk is being revolved anduntil it reaches posit-ion over the hole It, through which the nail isdischarged, The disk is intermittingly revolved by means of the shaft 0,ratchet-wheel c, sector-lever c, pivoted at 0 carrying the pawl e, andhaving teeth a, formed upon its outer edge, the sector 0 pivoted at c,the lever 0 pivoted at c operated by the cam c" and main shaft A. Asthere are four nail receiving and holding devices to bring each onesuccessively under thenozzle A, a quarter revolution of the disk isnecessary. The nail receiving and holding dies or blocks having receiveda nail or nail blank from the nozzle, the disk, is advanced to theheading device to bring the nail or nail-blank under the header. After anail or nail-blank has been moved to this position it is lifted in itsholding-recess b, so that its head-forming end shall occupy a properposition. in relation to the die or head-forming cavity 1). This isaccomplished by means of thelifting-rod D and the header E, the headerbeing moved down by its operating mechanism to a point immediately overthe die, so that it acts as a stop while the lifting-rod D moves thenail upward until its upper end comes in contact with the under surfaceof the header, when the movable jaw I) of the nail receiving and holdingdevice is moved forcibly inward against the stationary jaw I), and heldlocked 'by the lever F. The lifting-rod D is operated by means of a cam,d, on the main shaft, the hell-crank lever d, the rod d", the arm (1carried thereby, which supports the lifting rod or spindle d, to whichthe lifting-rod D is attached. The lifting-rod D has a yieldingconnection with the support (1, so that it may bring into position nailsor nail-blanks of any length; but to lift nails of any length it isnecessary that the lifting-rod D shall have a snfiicient movement tolift the shortest nail or nail-blank into proper position; consequentlywhen longer nails or nail-blanks are lifted there must be lost motionbetween the lifting-rod D and its support This is provided for byallowing the rod d to move in a hole in the bar d in opposition to thespring d after the nail or nailblank has been moved to place. Thelever]? is operated by the toggle f, the link f, the slidebloek f, andcam f. The header E is held by a suitable slide, 0, which isreciprocated in the ways a by the combined toggle a c, the link a, theslide-block e, and the cam e on the main shaft A. The cam is timed so asto depress or move the header E to a position immediately over the diecavity or recess while the lifting-rod I) is being operated, so that thenail or nail-blank may be located thereby, but immediately after thelever F has operated to clamp the nail or nailblank in place it islifted and immediately moved forcibly downward to head the nail ornail-blankin the cavity If. YVhilc the header is operating to head anail or nail-blank, the second nail or nail-blank receiving and holdingrecess in order is receiving a nail from the nozzle ofthe nail-makingmachine; and upon another quarter-revolution of the disk B the headednail is moved to a position to be discharged, the second nail to theheading devices, and the third nail receiving and holding recess underthe nozzle. Immediately upon the outward movement of the lcverF thedies 1) b" are separated by the die I) being forced outward by thespring-pressure. This leaves the headed nail therein free to leave itsholding-recess as soon as the recess is brought in line with a hole, B,through which it can pass to the receiving and delivery block. I. havearranged to reciprocate in each nail holding and receiving recess andthe hole R the rod g, which is operated by the lever g, pivoted at 9 andreciprocated by the rod (1 and spring 9, to strip the dies of the nailsand force them through the passage Rinto the nail receiving and deliveryblock. The disk B is locked automatically at the end of eachquarterrevolution by means of the spring-pin M, arranged to enter insuccession the holes m in the said disk, and which is moved downward bya spring, m, and lifted by the cam m on the main shaft A, and the bentle.

ver m". r

The machine described in said Towns and Raymond patent application isadapted to make nails with a V-shaped point, and with this additionalheading mechanism the nail is con1pletedthat is, it will have a V-shapedpoint, a shank of uniform size, and an upset head.

I would state that the heading mechanism described may be used inconnection with any mechanism for delivering wire nail-blanks insuccession thereto, and that it may also be used in connection with anyother nail distributing and driving devices. I would also say that I donot confine myselfto the especial form of construction of thedie-blocks, or to the especial arrangement or construction of thedevices for operating the various parts herein specified.

The receiving and delivery block H, herein referred to and shown in thedrawings, is like that described in said Towns and Raymond application.It is provided with an intermittent forward fceding movement and acontinuous backward movement, as therein described, to receive the nailsfrom the carrier B, and deliver them to the distributer H. Thisdistributer is shown in Fig.6, and it comprises a block, 71., having theholes h, arranged to correspond with theholes of the nail-receiving anddelivery block II, which are connected by means of the tubes h with thenail-holder h. This nail-holder has nail receiving and holding holes h,which are arranged in the order in which. it is desired the nails shallbe driven, and the tubes h" arebent to connect the holes h therewith.The holes in the plate h are represented as closed by the sliding plateh, which is adapted to be moved to open the holes by the pin h 011 thenail-carrier h, and to be closed by a spring. The nail-carrier 7L7 hasholes corresponding in number and arrangement with the holes in theblock h", and a sliding hole'eovering plate, 7L3. It is automaticallymoved from the block h" to the templet h by means of a cam and lever,(not shown,) (see Raymond Patent No. 290,109,) and a plate, h, isautomatically moved to open and close the holes of the nail-carrier, asdescribed in Patent No. 316,894. The templet has holes h, correspondingin number and arrangement with the holes of the nail-carrier, and it mayor may not be moved into and out of position over the work. In Fig. 6it-is represented in position over the heel.

H is the cross-head of themachine. It supports or carries the revolvinghead H, which is automatically .revolved by devices similar to thosedescribed in the Henderson and Raymond Patent No. 317,647, or in anyother desired way. It preferably carries a gang or group of awls and agang or group of drivers and a top lift spanker, although it may supportthe awls and drivers only, or drivers alone, in which case, of course,the head H would not be revolved. The cross-head H is of naildistributing and carrying and driving devices, as I may use inconnection with the nail making and heading devices any equivalentmechanism for receiving the headed nails automatically and transferringthem either singly or in groups to the nail-driving devices.

\Vhile I-have represented in the drawings the wire feeding and pointingdevices of the said Towns and Raymond application, I would state that Imay use in lieu thereof any of the well-known wire feeding and severingor wire feeding, severing, and pointing devices, or any equivalentmechanism for feeding the wire automatically and severing it intolengths, and for delivering the severed lengths'iu successive order tothe nail or nail-blank carrying disk or transferrer.

I would state that the die-blocks I) b maybe swaging-diesthat is, theymay be formed as represented in Fig. 18, to swage or shape the end ofthe nail and provide it with a point and when this form of die is usedthe pointcutting or forming devices of. the said Raymond and Townsapplication may be dispensed with, if desired.

In operation the wire is fed from'a reel by a feeding mechanismautomatically to the devices for severing it into lengths and forpointing it, and these severed lengths or blanks are automaticallydelivered to an intcrmittinglyrevolving disk carrying a series ofclamping or holding jaws, which are automatically opened and held openand brought successively in their open condition below thetpassage ornozzle through which the severed blanks are IOC delivered to receivethem one by one and transfer them to other devices, which operate tolocate the blank in the jaws or dies, so as to bring their head-formingsections in proper relation to the head-forming portion of the dies, tothen close the dies together to hold the nail-blank clamped during theoperation ofthe heading mechanism, and to then head the nail. Thecarrier is then further operated to transfereach headed nail from theheading mechanism to aposition over the nail receiving and deliveryblock, the dies automatically opening after the heading de vices havecompleted their operations to permit the nail to move downward or bemoved downward by a reciprocating stripping device into the hole in thenail receiving and delivery block. This nail receiving and deliveryblock is arranged to automatically receive the nails thus delivered, andto convey them to a distributer, which automatically arranges them in aform for driving, and delivers them to a nail-carrier, whichautomatically receives them and carries them to the nail-drivingdevices, to which it automatically delivers them, and by which they areautomatically driven. In other words, the entire operation of themachine, from the time blank delivery-passage, the nail-blank-headingdevices, and the nail receiving and delivcry block that the operationsof feeding a nail to one set of dies, of heading a nail-blank in asecondset of dies, and of delivering aheaded nail from a third set of dies tothe nail receiving and delivery block or to an escape-passage, R, aresimultaneously proceeding.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States- 1. The combination, in anailing-machine, with mechanism for delivering wire blanks in successiveorder to a heading mechanism, of said heading mechanism, comprising therotary disk B, having the nail receiving and holding jaws b I), hereciprocating header E, and the lever F, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of devices for feeding nailsor nail-blanks in succession to a carrier, a carrier for transferringsaid nails or nail-blanks to heading devices, and a distributor, theheading devices, and a distributer for receiving the nails after theyare headed, and for distributing them in arrangement for driving, allsubstantially as described.

3. The combination of a nozzle, A, having a throat or passage, throughwhich nail-blanks are fed in succession to a nail holder or carrier,said nail holder or carrier consisting of two clamping-jaws adapted tobe moved to transfer the nail from the nozzle or passage to the headingmechanism, and said heading mechanism comprisinga header, E, and meansfor operating it, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of the nozzle A, having thepassage a, the disk B, having two or more clamping-jaws, b N, areciprocating header, E, and the lever F, all substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of the nozzle A, having thepassage a, the disk B, having two or more clamping-jaws, Z) Z), one ofwhich is movable in relation to the other, and means for moving themovablejaw against the stationary jaw and locking it in place, and forreturning it to its original position upon the release of the holdingand locking device, all substantially as described.

6. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage (1, the revolvingdisk B, having a series of clamping-jaws, I) b, one of which is movablein relation to the other and adapted to be brought successivelybeneaththe header E and in front of the lever-jaw F, all substantially asdescribed.

7. The combination, in a nailing-machine, of the nozzle A, having thepassage a, the revolving disk B, having a series of clampingdies, 1) b",one of which is movable in relation to the other, the lever-jaw F, theheader E, and the spring or springs b, all substantially as described.

8. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage (1, the revolvingdisk B, carrying the nail-blank-clamping devieesb b", and

I the nail-lifting device I), all substantially as described.

9. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage u, the revolvingdisk B, supporting two or more nailblank clampingjaws, I) b, the headerE, and the reciprocating nail-positioning rod D, all substantially as described.

10. In a nailing machine, in combination with nail holding or clampingdevices, the movable rod D and the reciprocating header E, substantiallyas described.

11. The eombinatio'n, in a nailing machine, of the nail holding orclamping dies, the movable rod 1), means for moving it vertically, andfor providing it with a yielding movement in relation thereto, allsubstair tiall y as described.

12. The combination of the rod D, a cam for operating the same, andintermediate connecting mechanism, substantially as specified.

13. The combination of the dies 1) I), having the nailheading recess 1),with the header E, the sliding block 0, and the compound toggle e c,sliding block 0', and cam a, sub stantially as described.

14. The combination of the die-block b, the movable die block I)", thelever F, pivoted as described, the togglef, the slide-block and the camsubstantiall as described. 7 7 y 15. The combination of the nozzle A,having the passage a, the revolving disk B, supporting two or morenail-blank receiving and holding devices comprising the blocks b b", oneof which is movable in relation to the other, the reciprocating headerE, the lever F, and the reciprocating naitstripping rod g, allsubstantially as described.

' 16. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage (1, therevolving disk B, supporting two or more nail receiving and clampingblocks b If, the header E, and the stop or locking device for lockingthe disk upon the completion of the feed movement, all substantially asdescribed.

17. The combination of the disk B, theholes m, thelocking-pin M, itsoperating-spring m, and a lifting-cam, d, and connecting devices, allsubstantially as described.

18. The combination of the cam (Z, the lifting-rod D, a stripping-rod,g, the leverg', and the lever d, all substantially as described.

19. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage a, the disk B,having two or more nail-blank receiving and clamping de- IIO IIS

vices, the shaft 0, the ratchet-wheel c, the sector 0, having the pawl 0the sector 0", the lever 0 and the cam c", all substantially asdescribed.

20. The combination of the nozzle A, having the passage a, revolvingdisk B, carrying two or more nail receiving and clamping jaws, b b, oneof which is movable in relation to the other, the jaw-operating dies F,the reciproeating header E, the block b having the hole R and the nailreceiving and delivery block H, all substantially as described.

21. The combination of devices for automatically feeding nail-blanks toa nail-heading mechanism and for heading the blanks with devices fordistributing and arranging them in groups or gangs, substantially asdescribed.

FREEBORN F. RAYMOND, 2D.

Witnesses:

M. 1?. RAYMOND, FRED. B. DOLAN.

